Created in 1945 to reduce poverty and stabilize foreign currency markets, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have, according to some critics, continually struggled to meet the expectations of their major shareholders— a group comprising many of the world’s rich nations— but neglected their intended beneficiaries in the developing world.
Meaning Analysis
- Created in 1945 to reduce poverty and stabilize foreign currency markets,
The opening part of the sentence states that something was constituted with two specific purposes – to lessen poverty and to steady the foreign currency markets. Let’s read further to know what was created with these two purposes.
- the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have,
- according to some critics,
- continually struggled to meet the expectations of their major shareholders
This part of the sentence reveals that it was two global monetary organizations that were formed with the specific purposes mentioned in the beginning of the sentence. We learn that some analysts say that these two organizations have tried, although with some difficulty, to fulfill the expectations of their shareholders. Reading further:
- — a group comprising many of the world’s rich nations —
This part elaborates on who these shareholders (mentioned in the portion before this) are- many wealthy nations across the globe. Let’s read further:
- but neglected their intended beneficiaries in the developing world.
The last part of the sentence starts with the key-word but, indicating that the sentence will pitch a piece of information that is in contrast to another. Accordingly, we find out that as opposed to the purpose they were formed with, these organizations have not even heeded the needs of the poor countries.
To sum up, the sentence wants to say that the two global monetary organizations have defeated the very purposes they were formed with. While they have attempted to keep the rich nations happy, they have paid no attention to the needs of the poor countries.
Error Analysis
This sentence clearly conveys the intended meaning and doesn’t contain any errors. Both the verbs have…struggled and (have) neglected have been correctly written in present perfect tense to present the ongoing situation of the organizations. The noun modifier a group… correctly modifies the noun entity major shareholders. The sentence is correct as is.
POE
Choice A
Correct
This choice is correct as stated in the error analysis.
Choice B
Incorrect
1. Verb Tense Errors
Since the actions of trying and struggling are simultaneous, they must be written in the same tense. Hence use of simple present tense verb try is incorrect.
2. Pronoun Error
There is no logical antecedent for the pronoun that. Even if it is meant to refer to expectations, singular that cannot do so as it does not agree in number with plural expectations.
Choice C
Incorrect
1. Modifier Error
Since this choice changes the phrase the expectations of their major shareholders to their major shareholders’ expectations, the modifier a group… now illogically modifies the preceding noun expectations.
2. Pronoun Error
This choice repeats the pronoun error of Choice B.
Choice D
Incorrect
Pronoun Error
This choice repeats the pronoun error of Choice B.
Choice E
Incorrect
1. Modifier Error
This choice repeats the modifier error of Choice C.
2. Parallelism Error
The forced parallel entities per this choice – in trying… and (in) neglecting… – are not logically parallel. Per this choice, the said organizations have struggled in neglecting the poor countries. This ungrammatical structure completely distorts the intended meaning
