{"id":361,"date":"2011-05-25T06:21:31","date_gmt":"2011-05-25T13:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/?p=361"},"modified":"2022-11-15T18:02:33","modified_gmt":"2022-11-15T12:32:33","slug":"with-surface-temperatures-estimated-atgmatprep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/with-surface-temperatures-estimated-atgmatprep\/","title":{"rendered":"With surface temperatures estimated at\u2026GMATPrep"},"content":{"rendered":"A <\/span> 3<\/span> min read <\/span><\/span>\n

With surface temperatures estimated at minus 230 degrees Fahrenheit, Jupiter’s moon Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, and with 60 square miles of water thought to be frozen from top to bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, and with<\/li>
  2. Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, its<\/li>
  3. Europa has long been considered as far too cold to support life and has<\/li>
  4. Europa, long considered as far too cold to support life, and its<\/li>
  5. Europa, long considered to be far too cold to support life, and to have<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    What does this question test?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    This question tests your knowledge of how comma + and is used to connect elements in a sentence.  It also tests your understanding of modifiers that modify the preceding clause.  In addition, it tests your knowledge of idiomatic usage of \u201cconsidered\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    What does this sentence mean?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    This sentence states that Jupiter\u2019s moon Europa has been considered far too cold to support life.  It also presents data corroborating this fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Surface temperatures are estimated at minus 230 degrees F.<\/li>
    2. 60 square miles of water exists on Europa.  This water is thought to be frozen from top to bottom.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Note that the above is the logical meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      As such the sentence structure is such that we do not know how \u201cand with 60 square miles\u2026\u201d relates to the main clause \u2013 \u201cEuropa has long been considered \u2026\u201d.  This is because the sentence appears to be incomplete. Thus, this sentence does not communicate complete meaning effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      What are the errors in the original sentence?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      With surface temperatures estimated at minus 230 degrees Fahrenheit, Jupiter’s moon Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, and with 60 square miles of water thought to be frozen from top to bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The sentence structure is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n