{"id":3509,"date":"2022-11-25T05:14:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T23:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/?p=3509"},"modified":"2022-11-29T23:30:09","modified_gmt":"2022-11-29T18:00:09","slug":"verb-ed-modifiers-cannot-jump-over-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/verb-ed-modifiers-cannot-jump-over-verbs\/","title":{"rendered":"Comma + Verb-ed modifier placed after the main clause cannot modify the main subject\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">A <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min read <\/span><\/span>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"600\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/main-Jump.png\" alt=\"Comma + Verb-ed modifiers cannot modify subject\" class=\"wp-image-3510\" title=\"main-Jump\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/main-Jump.png 600w, https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/main-Jump-300x165.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-introduction\">INTRODUCTION:&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause acts as an action modifier. Often test-takers wonder, can a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause ONLY modify the subject of the main clause? The answer is No. Generally, this modifier acts as an action modifier that modifies the action in the preceding clause. It may also act as a noun modifier if the context calls for the same. When acting as an action modifier, the comma + verb-ed modifier MUST logically connect with the subject of the modified action; however, this modifier CAN NOT refer only to the subject of the main clause.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Confused about when verb-ed words act as Verbs and when they act as modfiers? Read our article <a href=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/?p=3476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">Verb-ed Forms \u2013 Verbs or Modifiers<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Let us understand this using a simple example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-simple-example\">SIMPLE EXAMPLE<strong>&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-how-the-rule-works\"><strong>How the Rule Works&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s understand this rule through a simple sentence:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>The new spring collection of the renowned designer is expected to hit select stores next month, showcased first by Nordstrom<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The sentence talks about a new collection by a famous designer. It says that the collection will be available in select stores from next month. In addition, Nordstrom will be the first store to showcase the new collection.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The context of the sentence makes it very clear that the comma + verb-ed modifier \u201cshowcased first\u2026\u201d should describe the subject \u201cThe new collection\u201d. So, is the structure of the above-mentioned sentence correct? Can \u201cshowcased first\u2026\u201d from its position modify the subject? The answer is \u2018no\u2019.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Firstly, in such a structure \u2015 comma + verb-ed modifier after a clause \u2015 the comma + verb-ed modifier generally acts as an action modifier. In some cases, this structure may be used to refer to the immediate, preceding noun. However, in the example sentence, none of the modifications make sense because&nbsp;&nbsp;<ol><li>The actions \u201cis expected\u201d and \u201cshowcased first\u201d do not have any logical connection.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u201cshowcased first\u2026\u201d is not meant to modify \u201cnext month\u201d.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Secondly, since the main verb of the clause \u201cis expected\u201d is between the subject and the modifier \u201cshowcased first\u2026\u201d, the latter CAN NOT jump over the main verb \u201cis expected\u201d to modify the subject \u201cThe new spring collection\u201d. So, the sentence is incorrect.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-how-to-correct-the-example-sentence\"><strong>How to correct the example sentence<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>From the context of the sentence, we understand that the structure \u201cshowcased first\u2026\u201d is talking about the subject \u201cThe new spring collection\u201d. So, one of the correct versions of this sentence is as follows:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>The new spring collection of the renowned designer is expected to hit select stores next month and will be showcased first by Nordstrom<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>In the above-mentioned sentence, the comma + verbed modifier has been changed to a verb. This verb now directly associates with the subject and presents logical meaning.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-official-example\">OFFICIAL EXAMPLE:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At e-GMAT, whatever rule we talk about, we back it up the application of the same by an official sentence. So, here it comes.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.&nbsp;<\/p><p>1. Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or&nbsp;<\/p><p>2. Empire, fashioned from either the spotted sandstone of Mathura or from&nbsp;<\/p><p>3. Empire, either fashioned from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or&nbsp;<\/p><p>4. Empire and either fashioned from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or from<\/p><p>5. Empire and were fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or from<\/p><cite>This question is taken from OG 2022.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-meaning-analysis\"><strong>Meaning Analysis<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The sentence says that in India, many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities belong to Kushan Empire. The sentence also says that these images are made of either the spotted sandstone of Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From the context of the sentence, it is clear that there is no logical connection between the action \u201cdate from\u2026\u201d and \u201cfashioned from\u2026\u201d. In fact, both entities present characteristics of these images.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-error-analysis\"><strong>Error Analysis&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the intended meaning of the sentence is very clear, we can see that the use of the comma + verb-ed is incorrect as it does not connect logically with the action \u201cdate from\u2026\u201d. It only described the images.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moreover, the structure of this modifier \u2015 its placement after the main clause \u2015 prohibits it from jumping over the main verb \u201cdate from\u201d to directly modify the subject \u201cMany of the earliest known images\u201d. Grammatically, this modification is not legit. Hence, the original sentence has the modifier error.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>P.S.<\/strong>: We will not discuss any other errors in the sentence as the discussion is beyond the scope of this article.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-a-quick-check\"><strong>A Quick Check&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h6 id=\"h-incorrect-choices\">Incorrect Choices<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>The vertical scan of the answer choices reveals that the first three choices have the same error that has already been explained in the Error Analysis section. So, Choice A, B, and C are out for the incorrect use of the comma + verb-ed modifier. In Choice D, the verb-ed noun modifier \u201cfashioned from\u201d is preceded by \u201cand\u201d but does not have any entity that it can be parallel to.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 id=\"h-the-correct-answer\">The Correct Answer<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Choice E indeed is the correct answer for this question. In Choice E, the modifier \u201cfashioned from\u201d has been turned into the verb \u201cwere fashioned\u2026 from\u201d. As the second verb for the subject, \u201cMany of the earliest known images\u201d, \u201cwere fashioned\u2026from\u201d, now presents logical meaning. The SV pair says that these images were from either of the two materials.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Modifiers are one the most commonly tested topics on the GMAT SC. Read our article on <a href=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/gmat-sentence-correction-questions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">What is tested on the GMAT SC<\/a> to know more about other commonly tested errors on the GMAT SC. <\/p><p>We cover all the concepts required to ace the GMAT SC, starting from the foundations of GMAT grammar in the e-GMAT SC course. We also have 400+ GMAT level practice questions with detailed solutions. <strong>Begin your GMAT preparation with our <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.e-gmat.com\/sign-up-free-trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener external\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">free trial<\/a> today!<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div class=\"ub-buttons align-button-center\"  id=\"ub-button-aa9a27b4-791d-49d5-9f73-ff0574f20c48\"><div class=\"ub-button-container\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.e-gmat.com\/sign-up-free-trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer external\" class=\"ub-button-block-main ub-button-medium\" role=\"button\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">\n    <div class=\"ub-button-content-holder\"><span class=\"ub-button-icon-holder\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"height=\"30\", width=\"30\"viewBox=\"0, 0, 512, 512\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M256 0C114.6 0 0 114.6 0 256c0 141.4 114.6 256 256 256s256-114.6 256-256C512 114.6 397.4 0 256 0zM406.6 278.6l-103.1 103.1c-12.5 12.5-32.75 12.5-45.25 0s-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L306.8 288H128C110.3 288 96 273.7 96 256s14.31-32 32-32h178.8l-49.38-49.38c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l103.1 103.1C414.6 241.3 416 251.1 416 256C416 260.9 414.6 270.7 406.6 278.6z\"><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"ub-button-block-btn\">Start your free trial<\/span>\n    <\/div><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ub-button-container\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.e-gmat.com\/take-sigma-x-mock\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer external\" class=\"ub-button-block-main ub-button-medium\" role=\"button\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">\n    <div class=\"ub-button-content-holder\"><span class=\"ub-button-icon-holder\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"height=\"30\", width=\"30\"viewBox=\"0, 0, 448, 512\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M246.6 233.4l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.75-12.5-45.25 0s-12.5 32.75 0 45.25L178.8 256l-137.4 137.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.75 0 45.25C47.63 444.9 55.81 448 64 448s16.38-3.125 22.62-9.375l160-160C259.1 266.1 259.1 245.9 246.6 233.4zM438.6 233.4l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.75-12.5-45.25 0s-12.5 32.75 0 45.25L370.8 256l-137.4 137.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.75 0 45.25C239.6 444.9 247.8 448 256 448s16.38-3.125 22.62-9.375l160-160C451.1 266.1 451.1 245.9 438.6 233.4z\"><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"ub-button-block-btn\">Take a free mock<\/span>\n    <\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-takeaway\">TAKEAWAY:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In GMAT SC, a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause CAN NOT jump over the main verb in the main clause to refer to the subject of the clause.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Want to know about verb-ing modifiers and how they are tested on the GMAT? Read our article on <a href=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/usage-verb-ing-modifiers-part-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">Verb-ing modifiers<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INTRODUCTION:&nbsp; Generally, a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause acts as an action modifier. Often test-takers wonder, can a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause ONLY modify the subject of the main clause? The answer is No. Generally, this modifier acts as an action modifier that modifies the action in the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":102436,"featured_media":42265,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[94,1,95],"tags":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/main-Jump-1.png","author_info":{"display_name":"Srushti R","author_link":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/author\/srushtie-gmat-com\/"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.1.1 (Yoast SEO v17.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comma + Verb-ed modifier placed after the main clause cannot modify the main subject\u00a0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/verb-ed-modifiers-cannot-jump-over-verbs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comma + Verb-ed modifier placed after the main clause cannot modify the main subject\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"INTRODUCTION:&nbsp; Generally, a comma + verb-ed modifier placed after a clause acts as an action modifier. 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