{"id":3463,"date":"2014-03-14T08:34:38","date_gmt":"2014-03-14T15:34:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/?p=3463"},"modified":"2019-02-17T22:47:56","modified_gmt":"2019-02-17T17:17:56","slug":"a-primer-on-noun-phrases-and-noun-modifiers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/a-primer-on-noun-phrases-and-noun-modifiers\/","title":{"rendered":"A primer on Noun phrases and Noun Modifiers | GMAT Sentence Correction"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">A <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min read <\/span><\/span><div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 1.17em; font-weight: normal;\">Noun Phrase<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p>In our article \u201cNoun modifiers can modify slightly far away nouns\u201d, we say that the noun modifiers if preceded by a noun phrase can modify the head of the noun phrase. Through this article we will understand what these noun phrases and noun modifiers are so that we can quickly identify them and ascertain their roles in modification.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>So let\u2019s first begin with noun phrases. Now even before we start with noun phrase, let us quickly take a look at the definition of noun.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>NOUN<\/strong> &#8211; A noun is word used to show a place, a person, a thing, or an idea (abstract noun).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Now let\u2019s understand what a noun phrase is.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOUN PHRASE<\/strong> &#8211; A <strong>noun phrase<\/strong> is <strong>a group of words<\/strong> that <strong>consists of a noun<\/strong> <strong>and a modifier<\/strong> that modifies that noun. \u00a0Study the table for examples:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>EXAMPLE<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>NOUN<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>NOUN MODIFIER<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>a striped cat<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">cat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">a striped<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>the engine of the car<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">the engine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">of the car<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Jimmy\u2019s kitchen<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">kitchen<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">Jimmy\u2019s<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<h1>Structure of Noun Phrase<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the above three examples, we see that the first and the second examples starts with a modifier first followed by the noun, whereas the second example starts with the noun followed by a modifier. So, in a noun phrase, the modifier can be placed either after or before the noun it refers to. A noun phrase can start with either a noun or a noun modifier.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Following are the types of <strong>modifiers that come before the noun<\/strong> to make a noun phrase:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Type<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Articles<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">a cat, the engine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">While in \u201ca cat\u201d, \u201ca\u201d refers to just any cat, in \u201cthe engine\u201d, \u201cthe\u201d refers to particular engine.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Possessive Nouns<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">Jimmy\u2019s kitchen<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u201cJimmy\u2019s\u201d is the noun in possessive case. It acts an adjective that modifies the noun \u201ckitchen\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Possessive Pronouns<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">our cat, his car<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u201cour\u201d &amp; \u201chis\u201d are possessive pronouns that refer to \u201ccat\u201d and \u201ccar\u201d respectively.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Adjectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">a striped cat, a flowering plant<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u201cstriped\u201d and \u201cflowering\u201d are adjectives. They modify \u201ccat\u201d and \u201cplant\u201d respectively. Both the modifiers give information about the nouns they modify.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Following are the examples of <strong>the modifiers that come after the noun <\/strong>in a noun phrase:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"679\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Types<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"228\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"270\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Prepositional phrases<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"228\">\n<ol>\n<li>the engine of the car<\/li>\n<li>the man behind the fence<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"270\">\n<ol>\n<li>\u201cof the car\u201d start with \u201cof\u201d &amp; hence is a prepositional phrase. It gives information about the noun \u201cthe engine\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Prepositional phrase \u201cbehind the fence\u201d gives information about \u201cthe man\u201d, a noun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Relative pronoun clause<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"228\">\n<ol>\n<li>the cat that has stripes<\/li>\n<li>the author who wrote the book<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"270\">\n<ol>\n<li>Although \u201cthat has stripes\u201d is a clause, together with \u201ccat\u201d, the whole entity is a noun phrase.<\/li>\n<li>The relative clause starting with \u201cwho\u201d and \u201cthe author\u201d together make a noun phrase.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Verb-ing modifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"228\">\n<ol>\n<li>the cat sitting on the table<\/li>\n<li>the guests staying in room 205<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"270\">\n<ol>\n<li>Verb-ing modifier \u201csitting\u2026\u201d is giving information about the noun \u201cthe cat\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cstaying\u2026\u201d is giving information about \u201cthe guests\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Verb-ed modifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"228\">\n<ol>\n<li>the book kept on the upper shelf<\/li>\n<li>the car driven by a chauffeur in uniform<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"270\">\n<ol>\n<li>Verb-ed modifier \u201ckept\u2026\u201d is giving information about the noun \u201cthe book\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cdriven\u2026\u201d is giving information about \u201cthe car\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In rare occasions, we do see a <strong>noun phrase that starts with a pronoun and is followed by a modifier modifying that pronoun<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"307\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"118\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Pronoun<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Modifier<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"307\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>We who were famished by then were still stuck in the jungle.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"118\">\n<p align=\"center\">We<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">who were famished by then<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"307\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Someone very important has asked me to deliver this to you.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"118\">\n<p align=\"center\">Someone<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">Very important<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"307\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>There is no one intelligent enough to understand the forces of nature.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"118\">\n<p align=\"center\">No one<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"213\">\n<p align=\"center\">Intelligent enough<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<h1>Noun modifiers<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p>Now that we know about the noun phrases, we must also know about what all can classify as noun modifiers that can modify a noun phrase, to be more precise the head of the noun phrase.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As the name suggests, noun modifiers are the modifiers that modify noun entities. These noun entities can be a one-word noun or a noun phrase. Since noun modifiers modify noun entities, they must be placed as close to the entity that they modify as possible to keep the meaning of the sentence logical and clear.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Following are the <strong>kinds of noun modifiers<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Types<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Modifier<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Noun entity<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Adjectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\">The <strong>striped<\/strong> cat jumped out of the window.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\">striped<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\">cat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Verb-ing modifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\">The planets <strong>circling the sun<\/strong> form the solar system.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>circling the sun<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\">The planets<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Verb-ed modifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\">The book <strong>kept on the table<\/strong> belongs to my sister.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>kept on the table<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\">The book<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Prepositional phrases<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\">The engine <strong>of the car<\/strong> died down midway<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>of the car<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\">The engine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"170\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Relative Pronoun Modifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"196\">\n<p align=\"center\">The man <strong>who is standing behind the fence<\/strong> is my trainer.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"150\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>who is standing behind the fence<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"133\">\n<p align=\"center\">The man<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>For an example of verb-ing modifier, refer to the OG examples GMAT Prep example 3 in the article \u201cNoun modifiers can modify slightly far away nouns\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Noun Phrase In our article \u201cNoun modifiers can modify slightly far away nouns\u201d, we say that the noun modifiers if preceded by a noun phrase can modify the head of the noun phrase. Through this article we will understand what these noun phrases and noun modifiers are so that we can quickly identify them and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79663,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ub_ctt_via":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"featured_image_src":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"Juhi Gupta","author_link":"https:\/\/e-gmat.com\/blogs\/author\/juhie-gmat-com\/"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.1.1 (Yoast SEO v17.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A primer on Noun phrases and Noun Modifiers | GMAT Sentence Correction<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Often when discussing modifiers, we come across terms such as noun phrases and noun modifiers. 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